Muaj cov txheej txheem dej kho thiab tshuaj siv
Qhov nyob nram qab
Nrog kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho dej hauv ntau ntau lawm tau ua kom pom pom meej. Kev kho dej haus tsis yog tsuas yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb los xyuas kom cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem, tab sis kuj tseem yuav tsum muaj kev txhim kho ib puag ncig thiab kev txhim kho ib puag ncig thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov.
Dej Kho Hom Dej
| Dej Kho Hom Dej | Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb | Khoom Siv Lub Cev Loj | Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb. |
| Nyuj Dej PretreCTION | Ua tau raws li cov cai ntawm cov dej hauv tsev lossis kev lag luam | Dej Qhov Dej Dej Dej | Pom kev, sedimentation, coagulation. |
| Cov txheej txheem kho cov dej | Ua tau raws kev cai tshwj xeeb | Muaj Txheej Txheem Dej | Muag, desalination, deoxyenation. |
| Kev Kho Mob Dej Txias | Nco ntsoov tias cov khoom lag luam ib txwm ua | Cwj ncig dej txias | Kev kho kev txhaj tshuaj. |
| Kev Kho Mob Tso Kho Kom Zoo | Tiv thaiv ib puag ncig | Wastewater Muaj | Kev siv lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg, kho mob. |
| Siv tshuaj tua dej | Txo cov dej haus tshiab | Siv Dej | Zoo ib yam li kev kho kom zoo ib yam. |
Cov Tshuaj Txhuam Cov Dej Tshuaj
| Hom | Feem ntau siv tshuaj lom neeg | Rooj mov |
| Flocculating Tus Neeg Sawv Cev | PAC, PAM, PDADMAC, Polyamines, Txhuas Sulfate, thiab lwm yam. | Tshem cov khib nyiab thiab cov organic |
| Tshuaj tua kab mob | xws li TCCA, SDIC, ozone, chlorine dioxide, calcium hypochlorite, thiab lwm yam | Tua cov kab mob me hauv dej (xws li cov kab mob, kab mob, fungi thiab protozoa) |
| pars excitter | Aminosulfonic acid, naoh, txiv qaub, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam. | Txoj Cai Tswj Dej Ph |
| Ion Raiders | Edta, ion sib pauv resin | Tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav (xws li tooj hlau, tooj liab, txhuas, cadmium, mercury, thiab lwm yam phom rau cov dej |
| Teev Kom Infibitor | Organophosphat, organophosphorus carboxylic acids | Tiv thaiv kev tsim kho los ntawm calcium thiab magnesium ions. Kuj muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tshem cov hlau ions |
| Deoxidizer | Sodium sulfite, hydrazine, thiab lwm yam. | Tshem tawm cov pa oxygen kom tiv thaiv cov oxygen corrosion |
| Tu Tus Neeg Sawv Cev | Citric acid, sulfuric acid, aminosulfonic acid | Tshem tawm cov nplai thiab impurities |
| Tus oxidants | ozone, persulfate, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen peroxide, thiab lwm yam. | Kev tu ncua, tshem tawm cov pa paug thiab kev txhim kho cov dej ua tau zoo, thiab lwm yam. |
| Muag | xws li txiv qaub thiab sodium carbonate. | Tshem tawm cov tawvtness (calcium, magnesium, magnesium) thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim |
| Defoamers/Tus tsuj | Suppress lossis tshem tawm npaus | |
| Kev tshem tawm | Calcium hypochlorite | Tshem NH₃-N ntawm Wastewater kom nws ntsib kev tawm tsam tus qauv |
Peb tuaj yeem muab khoom:
Kev kho dej dej kho yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho cov dej muaj dej thiab nws txoj hlab dej los ntawm lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg, txheeb thiab lwm txoj hauv kev. Kev kho cov dej yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam, thiab nws qhov tseem ceeb yog xav txog hauv cov hauv qab no:
1.1 Cov Khoom Zoo
Tshem tawm impurities nyob rau hauv dej xws li hlau ions, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntau lawm thiab ua kom cov khoom lag luam zoo.
Inhibit corrosion: yaj oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. Hauv dej tuaj yeem ua rau corrosion ntawm cov khoom siv hlau thiab ua kom lub neej luv ntawm cov khoom siv.
Tswj microorganisms: kab mob, algae thiab lwm yam kab mob hauv dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tsis huv, cuam tshuam kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb nyab xeeb.
1.2 Txhim Txhim Txhim Txhim Txhim Txhim Zog
Txo cov dej kho kom tsawg: Kev kho dej tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khoom siv ntsuas thiab kho kom haum thiab hloov pauv, thiab yog li txhim kho ntau dua.
Kev Kho Kom Zoo Dua: Los ntawm kev kho dej, cov dej ua tau zoo uas tau ua kom cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
1.3 Txo cov nqi ntau lawm
Txuag zog: los ntawm kev kho dej, khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug txo thiab cov nqi tsim khoom tuaj yeem txuag tau.
Tiv thaiv kev luam ntawv: Hardness est xws li calcium thiab magnesium thiab magnesterium, ua raws li cov khoom siv cua sov, txo cov cua sov ua tau zoo.
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Lub Neej: Txo cov khoom siv hauv kev xeb thiab ntsuas cov khoom siv lub neej, thiab txo cov nqi siv nyiaj txo qis.
Txo cov khoom siv khoom siv: los ntawm kev kho dej, cov khib nyiab ntawm bapocides tuaj yeem raug txo thiab cov nqi tsim tawm thiab cov nqi tsim tawm tuaj yeem txo.
Txo cov khoom siv rank: los ntawm kev kho cov dej, cov khoom siv raw tso rau hauv cov khoom khib nyiab thiab yog li txo cov nqi raw thiab txo qis cov nqi.
1.4 Tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Txo cov kuab paug paug: tom qab cov dej khib nyiab yog kho, lub concentration ntawm cov pa paug paug tuaj yeem txo thiab dej ib puag ncig yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Paub txog kev rov ua dua cov dej: los ntawm kev kho dej, kev lag luam tuaj yeem rov ua tau thiab vam khom cov khoom siv dej tshiab tuaj yeem raug txo kom dej tshiab.
1.5 ua raws li cov kev cai ib puag ncig
Ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem emission: Muaj Wastewater yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li lub teb chaws thiab kev kho dej hauv nroog, thiab dej kho yog txhais tau tias ua tiav lub hom phiaj no.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev kho dej muaj feem xyuam tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab ntau lawm, tab sis kuj tseem rau kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig ntawm kev lag luam. Los ntawm kev kho dej science thiab tsim nyog, kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv dej tuaj yeem ua tiav thiab kev txhim kho kev loj hlob tuaj yeem txhawb nqa.
Kev kho dej dej kho tau hais txog cov liaj teb ntau, suav nrog lub zog, tshuaj, metc. Nws yog feem ntau yog customized raws li cov qauv dej ua haujlwm.
2.1 Lub zog kho mob (nyoos dej pretreatment)
Cov dej nyoos hauv kev kho dej dej yog suav nrog kev ua kom pom kev ua dej, kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, flourentation, flourent, flourst, pH hloov kho, phold tshem tawm thiab pom tseeb. Cov tshuaj uas nquag siv suav nrog:
coagulants thiab flocculants: xws li PAC, Pam, Pdadmac, Polyamines, Aluminium Sulfate, thiab lwm yam.
softeners: xws li txiv qaub thiab sodium carbonate.
disinfectants: xws li TCCA, SDIC, calcium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, thiab lwm yam.
Cov kws kho mob: xws li aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, txiv qaub, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam.
Metal Ion Tshem Tawm Tawm, ion Txauv Resin thiab lwm yam,
scale inibitor: organophosphaates, organophosphorus carboxylic acids, thiab lwm yam.
adsorbents: xws li ua kom cov pa roj carbon, qhib kom tau Alumina, thiab lwm yam.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab siv cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem pab cov dej dej kom muaj teeb meem dej txaus, thiab cov kab mob organic, thiab txo cov nra ntawm kev kho vaj tse tom ntej.
2.2 Kev Kho Mob Dej
Cov txheej txheem kho cov dej hauv kev kho dej dej yog suav nrog pretrice kev kho mob, softening, hlauidation, hlau thiab mathation tshem tawm, desalination, tsis muaj menyuam thiab kev mob hnyav. Txhua kauj ruam xav tau cov tshuaj sib txawv kom ua kom cov dej zoo thiab ua kom cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam khoom lag luam. Cov tshuaj uas muaj xws li:
| COAGULANT THIAB FLOCCULANES: | xws li PAC, PAM, PDADMAC, polyamines, Txhuas Sulfate, thiab lwm yam. |
| Cov muag lus: | xws li txiv qaub thiab sodium carbonate. |
| Tshuaj tua kab mob: | Xws li TCCA, SDIC, calcium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, thiab lwm yam. |
| Ph cov kev kho kom haum: | Xws li aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, txiv qaub, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam. |
| Ion RHIAV: | Edta, ion sib pauv resin |
| Teev tsis pub tiv thaiv: | organophosphat, organophosphorus carboxylic acids, thiab lwm yam. |
| Adsorbents: | xws li ua kom cov pa roj carbon, ua kom zoo li Alumina, thiab lwm yam. |
Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ntsib cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem dej sib txawv, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov khoom siv kev puas tsuaj, thiab txhim kho ntau lawm.
2.3 Colfulating Txias Dej Kho
Kev kho cov dej txias yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev ntawm cov dej dej muaj zog, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau siv rau cov khoom siv txias thiab cov txheej txheem. Cwj lub tshuab cua txias muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cav, kev loj hlob xeb, microbial kev loj hlob thiab lwm yam teeb meem vim lawv cov dej loj thiab ntau ncig. Yog li no, txoj kev kho dej kho kom zoo yuav tsum siv los tswj cov teeb meem no thiab ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov kab ke.
Cwj lub chaw kho dej txias ua rau tiv thaiv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, xeb thiab ua kom txias rau hauv cov kab ke. Saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov dej txias (xws li Ph, nyuaj, yaj, thiab lwm yam teeb meem rau kev kho mob.
| COAGULANT THIAB FLOCCULANES: | xws li PAC, PAM, PDADMAC, polyamines, Txhuas Sulfate, thiab lwm yam. |
| Cov muag lus: | xws li txiv qaub thiab sodium carbonate. |
| Tshuaj tua kab mob: | Xws li TCCA, SDIC, calcium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, thiab lwm yam. |
| Ph cov kev kho kom haum: | Xws li aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, txiv qaub, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam. |
| Ion RHIAV: | Edta, ion sib pauv resin |
| Teev tsis pub tiv thaiv: | organophosphat, organophosphorus carboxylic acids, thiab lwm yam. |
| Adsorbents: | xws li ua kom cov pa roj carbon, ua kom zoo li Alumina, thiab lwm yam. |
Cov tshuaj thiab cov kev kho mob kho mob pab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, kom cov khoom siv kom muaj zog, txo cov khoom siv kev puas tsuaj thiab kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm.
2.4 Kev Kho Kom Qhuav
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho kom muaj dej khov kho tau tuaj yeem faib ua cov txheej txheem organic thiab cov kev kho mob me, kev kho kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab kho cov dej haus. Txhua qhov txuas yuav tsum muaj chemical sib txawv los ua haujlwm ua ke kom ntseeg tau tias txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem pov tseg kom huv.
Kev kho dej khib nyiab pov tseg tau muab faib ua peb txoj kev tseem ceeb: lub cev, tshuaj lom neeg thiab txheeb raws li cov qauv kuab paug thiab ua kom muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig.
Kev Siv Lub Cev:sedimentation, pom kev, flotation, thiab lwm yam.
Tshuaj Txuj Ci Qauv:Neutralization, redox, tshuaj nag lossis daus.
Txoj kev txheeb xyuas kev:Ua kom cov txheej txheem sludge, Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), thiab lwm yam.
Cov tshuaj uas muaj xws li:
| COAGULANT THIAB FLOCCULANES: | xws li PAC, PAM, PDADMAC, polyamines, Txhuas Sulfate, thiab lwm yam. |
| Cov muag lus: | xws li txiv qaub thiab sodium carbonate. |
| Tshuaj tua kab mob: | Xws li TCCA, SDIC, calcium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, thiab lwm yam. |
| Ph cov kev kho kom haum: | Xws li aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, txiv qaub, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam. |
| Ion RHIAV: | Edta, ion sib pauv resin |
| Teev tsis pub tiv thaiv: | organophosphat, organophosphorus carboxylic acids, thiab lwm yam. |
| Adsorbents: | xws li ua kom cov pa roj carbon, ua kom zoo li Alumina, thiab lwm yam. |
Los ntawm cov ntawv thov siv tshuaj zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no, cov dej khib nyiab yuav raug kho thiab tau rov qab siv zog ua raws li cov qauv, thiab txawm tias yuav tau rov qab siv zog, kev siv dej haus dej ib puag ncig.
2.5 Siv Dej Kho Mob
Kev kho cov dej ua haujlwm rov qab ua rau cov kev tswj dej pab dej uas tau muab cov dej khib nyiab ntxiv tom qab kho. Nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv dej tsis txaus, ntau daim teb muaj cov khoom siv dej uas muaj kev txuag dej, tab sis tseem yuav txo tus nqi kho mob thiab kev tawm haujlwm. Tus yuam sij rau kev kho dej haus yog tshem tawm cov pa paug dej kom cov dej yuav tsum tau ua kom tau rov qab ua kom tau txais cov kev siv tau ua kom tiav, uas yuav tsum tau ua tiav cov haujlwm siab thiab thev naus laus zis.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm rov ua dej haus dej feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
Pretreatment:Tshem tawm cov khoom loj ntawm cov impurities thiab roj, siv PAC, PAM, thiab lwm yam.
Ph Haum:Kho P, feem ntau siv tshuaj lom suav nrog sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, calcium hydroxide, thiab lwm yam.
Kev kho mob biological:Tshem tawm cov organic, kev txhawb nqa cov kab mob microbial, siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob ammonium, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, thiab lwm yam.
Tshuaj lom neeg:Kev tshem tawm oxidatic tshem tawm cov organic thiab cov hlau hnyav, siv tau siv ozone, persulfate, sodium, thiab lwm yam.
Membrane sib cais:Siv cov osmosis, nanofiltration, thiab ultrarafiltration thev naus laus zis kom tshem cov tshuaj txhuam yaj thiab ua kom muaj dej zoo.
Tshuaj tua kab mob:Tshem tawm cov kab mob me, siv chlorine, ozone, calcium hypochlorite, thiab lwm yam.
Saib xyuas thiab kho kom haum:Xyuas kom meej tias cov dej siv siv tau raws cov qauv thiab siv cov neeg tswj hwm thiab tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej rau kev hloov kho.
Defoamers:Lawv tau hais los yog tshem tawm npaus los ntawm kev txo qhov nro ntawm cov kua thiab rhuav tshem qhov ruaj khov ntawm foam. (Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Kho Mob: Kev Kho Mob Txheeb Xyuas, Tshuaj Kho Kom Zoo, Tshuaj Kho Khoom Noj Khoom Haus, Tshuaj Kho Khoom Noj Khoom Haus, Kev Kho Mob Kom Siv Dej Khib, thiab lwm yam)
Calcium hypochlorite:Lawv tshem cov kuab paug xws li ammonia nitrogen
Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov txheej txheem no thiab tshuaj ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm cov kho kom ua tau raws li cov qauv rov siv dua, tso cai rau kev siv tau zoo siv hauv kev lag luam tsim khoom.
Kev kho cov dej yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub. Nws cov txheej txheem thiab kev xaiv tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Kev siv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho kev kho mob, tab sis kuj tseem txo cov nqi thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig. Yav tom ntej, nrog kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev kho dej kev kho dej yuav txhim kho hauv kev coj ua kom ntse dua thiab kev coj ua ntsuab.