Dej yeej ib txwm yog ib qho ntawm cov peev txheej muaj nqis tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nrog rau kev tsim khoom lag luam ntau ntxiv thiab kev loj hlob ntawm nroog, kev ruaj ntseg dej, kev ruaj khov, thiab kev kho dej kom zoo yog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv cov chaw ua dej hauv nroog thiab cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam, cov cai ib puag ncig nruj dua, cov nqi ua haujlwm nce siab, thiab kev paub txog pej xeem ntau ntxiv tab tom hloov kho txoj kev kho dej, rov ua dua tshiab, thiab rov siv dua.
Los ntawm xyoo 2026, kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev kho dej hauv nroog yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau kev ua haujlwm zoo dua, kev ruaj khov dua, kev nyab xeeb zoo dua, thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm thev naus laus zis ntse dua. Rau cov chaw tsim khoom, cov neeg faib khoom, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov haujlwm uas koom nrog cov tshuaj kho dej, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj flocculants, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem kev kho mob sib xyaw, kev nkag siab txog cov qauv yav tom ntej no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev npaj tswv yim thiab kev ua lag luam.
Tsab xov xwm no yuav tshawb nrhiav cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv kev kho dej hauv kev lag luam thiab hauv nroog uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas xyoo 2026, qhia txog kev coj ua lag luam, kev tsim kho tshiab, kev hloov pauv txoj cai, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig rau cov chaw tsim khoom, cov neeg faib khoom, cov tuam txhab tsim kho, thiab cov neeg siv kawg.
Muaj ntau tshaj 2 billion tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj dej txaus, thiab tus lej no pheej nce ntxiv. Kev tsim khoom lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab kev nthuav dav hauv nroog txhua yam xav tau dej huv thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau heev. Thaum cov peev txheej dej qab zib tsis muaj zog zuj zus, kev siv cov dej khib nyiab rov qab thiab kev kho dej tsis yog qhov xaiv tau lawm tab sis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Cov Cai Tswjfwm Ib puag ncig nruj dua
Cov tsoomfwv thoob ntiaj teb tab tom ua kom cov pa phem tsawg dua rau cov pa phem hauv qab no:
- Cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm
- Cov hlau hnyav
- Phosphorus thiab nitrogen
- Cov kuab paug organic
- Cov yas me me
- Cov kab mob
Qhov no ncaj qha tsav txoj kev tsim cov tshuaj kho mob, cov tshuab lim dej, thiab cov thev naus laus zis saib xyuas.
Kev Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Tsim Kho Vaj Tse
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov lag luam hauv qab no:
- Cov roj av
- Kev khawb av
- Cov ntawv thiab cov khoom siv
- Kev ua zaub mov
- Cov ntaub
- Kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob
Tag nrho cov koom haum no tab tom hloov kho lawv cov txheej txheem dej kom zoo dua qub, txo cov kev pheej hmoo, thiab ua tiav cov hom phiaj ESG.
Lub caij no, cov chaw kho dej hauv nroog tab tom kho cov chaw qub kom zoo dua qub kom ntseeg tau tias muaj dej haus huv.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb 1: Kev Xav Tau Ntau Rau Cov Tshuaj Coagulation Thiab Flocculation
Kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem ua kom dej ntshiab. Kev lag luam flocculant thiab coagulant hauv kev lag luam yuav txuas ntxiv nthuav dav hauv xyoo 2026, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv Asia, Latin America, thiab Middle East.
Cov tshuaj lom neeg nrov uas tsav txoj kev loj hlob no suav nrog:
- Polyaluminum chloride(PAC)
- Polyacrylamide(PAM)
- Cov tshuaj polyamines(PA)
- Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) PolyDADMAC
- Ferric chloride
Cov tshuaj no pab tshem tawm:
- Cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm
- Cov roj
- Cov av nplaum
- Cov hlau hnyav
- Cov khoom siv organic
Vim li cas qhov kev thov thiaj li loj hlob tuaj?
- Cov qauv kev tso pa phem siab dua
- Ntau lub tshuab rov ua dua cov dej khib nyiab
- Kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam
- Kev ua tau zoo thiab pheej yig
- Txo cov sludge ntim piv rau cov alum ib txwm muaj.
PAC thiab PAM tseem ua tus thawj coj hauv kev lag luam
PAC (polyaluminum chloride) tseem niaj hnub tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom huv thiab ua kom cov dej haus thiab cov dej khib nyiab kho vim yog:
- Kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev coagulation
- Kev hloov pauv pH dav dav
- Kev ua haujlwm sai sai
- Tus nqi sib tw
Polyacrylamide, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog anionic thiab cationic polyacrylamide, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshem dej sludge, kev sib cais cov khoom khov-kua, thiab cov txheej txheem flotation.
Txoj Kev Hloov Tseem Ceeb 2: Kev daws teeb meem Oxidation thiab Disinfection siab heev
Cov kab mob thiab cov pa phem tshiab, xws li cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj organic, xav tau cov thev naus laus zis kho mob siab dua.
Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob suav nrog:
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj chlorine (piv txwv li, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, calcium hypochlorite, thiab lwm yam)
- Peracetic acid
- Kev kho mob ozone
- Kev tua kab mob ultraviolet (UV)
- Cov txheej txheem oxidation siab heev (AOPs)
Cov txheej txheem dej hauv nroog, tshwj xeeb, vam khom cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha kom ntseeg tau tias muaj dej haus huv.
Vim li cas qhov sib txawv no thiaj tseem ceeb:
- Kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv pej xeem
- Txo kev kis kab mob
- Kev ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm WHO
- Kev faib khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv cov kav dej sib txuas
Rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, kev tswj cov kab mob me me hauv cov tsev txias, cov dej ua haujlwm, thiab cov dej khib nyiab tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xeb, kev tawg, thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb 3: Kev Loj Hlob Zoo hauv Kev Siv Dej Rov Qab Thiab Siv Dua
Los ntawm xyoo 2026, cov tshuab tso kua dej xoom (ZLD) thiab cov chaw siv dej rov qab siv dua yuav nce qib.
Cov lag luam uas siv cov dej rov qab siv dua suav nrog:
- Kev tsim hluav taws xob
- Kev khawb av
- Cov khoom siv semiconductor
- Kev ua kom zoo dua
- Khoom noj thiab dej haus
- Cov Tshuaj
Cov tsav tsheb nthuav dav:
- Cov nqi dej nce siab
- Lub luag haujlwm ib puag ncig
- Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam kom ruaj khov
- Cov kev txwv ntawm kev tso pa tawm raws li txoj cai
Kev coagulation, flocculation, membrane filtration, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob txhua yam ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov kab ke no.
Txoj Kev Hloov Tseem Ceeb 4: Ib puag ncig, Kev Sib raug zoo, thiab Kev Tswjfwm (ESG), Kev Ruaj Ntseg, thiab Tshuaj Ntsuab
Cov qauv ib puag ncig, kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog, thiab kev tswj hwm (ESG) muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev yuav khoom thiab kev txiav txim siab nqis peev thoob ntiaj teb.
Cov tuam txhab xav tau ntau ntxiv:
- Cov tshuaj lom tsawg
- Cov kev daws teeb meem uas lwj tau
- Txo cov pa roj carbon dioxide
- Kev ntim khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua
- Cov saw hlau xa khoom uas taug qab tau
Los ntawm xyoo 2026, cov chaw tsim khoom muab cov tshuaj kho dej uas ntseeg tau thiab tau ntawv pov thawj yuav muaj qhov zoo dua hauv kev sib tw.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb 5: Tsom ntsoov rau Kev Nyab Xeeb Dej Haus thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Pej Xeem
Dej haus huv tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb.
Cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog feem ntau tsom mus rau:
- Kev tswj kab mob
- Txo qhov turbidity
- Tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav
- Txhim kho qhov saj thiab tsw ntxhiab
- Tiv thaiv kom cov yeeb nkab tsis xeb
Kev thov raucov tshuaj coagulant, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb yuav tsum txuas ntxiv loj hlob.
Cov Kev Siv Hauv Kev Lag Luam Yuav Nthuav Dav Hauv Xyoo 2026
Cov lag luam tseem ceeb uas siv dej kho muaj xws li:
- Roj thiab roj av
- Kev tsim hluav taws xob
- Kev lag luam hlau
- Kev ua tshuaj lom neeg
- Cov ntawv thiab cov khoom siv
- Tawv
- Kev tsim cov ntaub
- Khoom siv hluav taws xob
- Kev lag luam zaub mov
- Cov tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.
Txhua qhov kev lag luam xav tau cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv ua raws li txoj cai, thiab kev txhawb nqa kev siv tshuab, tsim cov cib fim tseem ceeb rau cov neeg muab khoom tshwj xeeb.
Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Cov Neeg Muab Khoom Siv Tshuaj Txhim Khu Kev Ntseeg Tau hauv xyoo 2026
Thaum cov txheej txheem nyuaj zuj zus tuaj, cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau dua li cov khoom xwb. Lawv xav tau cov neeg koom tes uas tuaj yeem muab cov kev pabcuam hauv qab no:
- Kev muab khoom ruaj khov thiab zoo
- Kev taw qhia txog kev txawj ntse
- Kev txhawb nqa txoj cai
- Kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb
- Kev muaj peev xwm kuaj hauv chaw kuaj mob
- Kev sib tw nqi
- Kev koom tes ntev
Kev siv cov tshuaj coagulation, kev sib xyaw ua ke, kev tua kab mob, thiab cov thev naus laus zis kho mob siab heev yuav tseem yog cov hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Cov chaw tsim khoom uas muaj peev xwm tsim khoom zoo, kev paub txog kev xa tawm, thiab daim ntawv pov thawj thoob ntiaj teb yuav muaj qhov zoo dua hauv kev ua tiav hauv kev lag luam uas tab tom loj hlob no. Cov tuam txhab uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw cov tshuaj zoo, kev txawj ntse, thiab kev txhawb nqa kev xa khoom txhim khu kev qha yuav dhau los ua cov thawj coj hauv kev lag luam hauv xyoo tom ntej.
Kev kho dej tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho kev lag luam xwb; nws yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev txhim kho kev lag luam, thiab kev noj qab haus huv pej xeem. Saib mus rau xyoo 2026, kev thov thoob ntiaj teb rau kev kho dej txhim khu kev qha, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab ruaj khov yuav txuas ntxiv loj hlob.
Cov tuam txhab uas nkag siab txog kev lag luam thiab txais yuav cov thev naus laus zis siab heev yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntes cov cib fim hauv kev lag luam thiab cov nroog.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-13-2026
