Qab zib yog ib yam khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov dej haus, cov khoom noj yooj yim, cov khoom noj ceev ceev, khoom qab zib, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam lag luam. Nws kuj tseem siv ua khoom qab zib hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv thiab muaj kev thov ntau heev. Qab zib feem ntau los ntawm cov beet qab zib thiab sucrose. Cov beet qab zib suav txog 20% ntawm kev tsim cov qab zib, thaum cov qab zib ua rau 80%. Tsib lub teb chaws tsim cov qab zib saum toj kawg nkaus hauv ntiaj teb yog Brazil, Is Nrias teb, Tuam Tshoj, Thaib teb, thiab Pakistan. Tsib lub teb chaws tsim cov qab zib saum toj kawg nkaus hauv ntiaj teb yog Fabkis, Tebchaws Meskas, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Russia, thiab Qaib Cov Txwv.
Thaum ua suab thaj, yuav muaj cov dej khib nyiab thiab kua qab zib ntau heev. Cov dej khib nyiab thiab kua qab zib no yuav tsum tau kho thaum lub sijhawm ua lossis tso tawm kom ua tau raws li cov qauv. Kev ua kom meej yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv.
Tau kaum xyoo dhau los no,Polyaluminium Chloridetau siv dav hauv cov chaw tsim khoom qab zib thoob ntiaj teb vim nws qhov ua tau zoo thiab ruaj khov. Ua ib qho ntawm cov coagulants nrov tshaj plaws. Txij li kev ntxuav cov kua qab zib mus rau kev kho COD hauv cov dej khib nyiab, PAC muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam qab zib.
Daim Ntawv Thov PAC Hauv Kev Lag Luam Qab Zib
Polyaluminium chloride tuaj yeem ua kom tawg thiab sib sau ua ke cov khoom me me, colloids thiab cov organic uas yaj. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj inorganic polymer clarifying agent nrog qib siab ntawm polymerization thiab siab ceev. Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam qab zib rau:
- Kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov kua txiv qab zib lossis kua txiv beet.
- Tshem tawm cov xim thiab txo qhov turbidity.
- Txhim kho kev ua kom cov av noo thiab kev lim dej zoo.
- Kev kho cov dej khib nyiab ua ntej tso tawm lossis rov siv dua.
Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj coagulants ib txwm muaj xws li aluminium sulfate lossis lime, PAC ua haujlwm tau zoo dua ntawm ntau yam pH dav dua, tsim cov sludge tsawg dua thiab muaj tus nqi coagulation sai dua.
Polyaluminium Chloride siv rau kev ua kom cov kua qab zib meej
Cov kua qab zib uas tsis tau ua tiav muaj ntau yam tsis huv: cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm, cov fibers cog, colloids, cov protein, polysaccharides, cov xim, av, thiab cov khoom tsis muaj zog, thiab lwm yam. Cov tsis huv no yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov huv ntawm cov kua qab zib, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm crystallization, qhov zoo ntawm cov qab zib tiav lawm, thiab lwm yam. PAC tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tsis huv uas raug tshem tawm thiab yaj; qhov cuam tshuam no hu ua kev ua kom meej.
Lub Mechanism ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Polyaluminium Chloride hauv Kua Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo
·Qhov them zoo ntawm polyaluminium chloride ua rau qhov them tsis zoo ntawm cov colloids thiab cov khoom me me tsis ruaj khov.
·Ntes cov protein, cov xuab zeb me me, cov tshuaj pigment thiab lwm yam khoom hauv cov kua, ua rau lawv tsim cov flocs loj dua uas sai sai nkag mus rau hauv lub clarifier.
·Ntxiv mus, PAC kuj tseem tuaj yeem nqus cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj xim kua, ua rau cov xim ntawm cov kua qab zib sib dua thiab ua rau cov xim ntawm cov khoom tiav lawm pob tshab dua.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm PAC hauv kev lim kua txiv
* Zoo dua txo cov nyhuv hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo clarity thiab xim
* Kev nrawm dua thiab lub sijhawm nyob luv dua
* Txo qhov turbidity ntawm cov kua txiv clarified
* Txo cov scaling hauv cov evaporators thiab cov cua sov
* Cov suab thaj ntau dua vim muaj peev xwm ua kom crystallization zoo dua
* Kev siv tshuaj tsawg dua piv rau cov tshuaj coagulants ib txwm muaj
* Txo cov sludge thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev lim sludge
Zuag qhia tag nrho, PAC txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thaum txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom qab zib kawg.
Cov Tshuaj PAC Uas Pom Zoo Rau Kev Ua Kom Kua Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Pom Tseeb
Qhov ntau npaum li cas feem ntau nyob ntawm seb cov kua txiv zoo li cas, hom qab zib lossis beet, thiab qhov huv uas xav tau. Cov ntau npaum li cas feem ntau suav nrog:
Cov koob tshuaj ntawm PAC hauv cov kua txiv qaub ntsuab yog 20-50 mg / L
Thaum siv ua ke nrog cov flocculants pabcuam, qhov concentration ntawm PAC yog 10-30 mg / L.
Rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj kuab paug ntau lossis cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau lub caij ntuj nag, qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm PAC yog 40-80 mg/L.
Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov koob tshuaj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm kev kuaj hauv chav kuaj.
Txiav txim siab qhov koob tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kua qab zib.
Polyaluminium Chloride: Siv rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab ntawm kev lag luam qab zib
Yog tias cov dej khib nyiab ntawm kev lag luam qab zib raug tso tawm yam tsis tau kho, nws yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem ua rau muaj kuab paug rau cov dej thiab cov av hauv av. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov dej khib nyiab ntawm kev lag luam qab zib tsis tau kho kom zoo, nws yuav tsim cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo thaum tso tawm mus rau hauv ib puag ncig. Cov dej khib nyiab tseem ceeb los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom qab zib suav nrog cov txheej txheem ua kua txiv thiab ntxuav, kev rhuav tshem lub boiler, cov txheej txheem lim thiab ua kom huv, kev ntxuav cov khoom siv, nrog rau cov dej condensate thiab dej txias, thiab lwm yam.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam qab zib
Cov dej khib nyiab no feem ntau muaj cov organic matter (COD thiab BOD), cov khoom uas raug tshem tawm, cov xim, cov roj thiab lwm yam khoom. Nws muaj xim av, tus nqi pH qis, teeb meem tsw, muaj cov khoom khov tag nrho ntau, thiab muaj cov organic thiab inorganic uas yaj ntau.
Lub Ntsiab Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm PAC hauv Kev Kho Dej Pov Tseg
PAC ua tiav kev kho cov dej khib nyiab zoo hauv cov hauv qab no:
· Kev coagulation thiab kev tso dej tawm
Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom khov kho thiab cov organic colloids, yog li txhawb kev tsim cov flocs sai.
· Kev xav tau oxygen hauv tshuaj thiab kev xav tau oxygen hauv lub cev tau txo qis
PAC tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov organic sib xyaw uas yaj uas ua rau muaj COD/BOD ntau.
· Kev Tshem Xim
PAC tuaj yeem nqus cov tshuaj chromogenic thiab cov xim hauv cov dej khib nyiab.
· Qhov ntim ntawm cov av nkos txo qis
Cov sludge uas tsim los ntawm PAC muaj qhov ceev dua, nws me dua, thiab yooj yim dua rau kev tuav thiab tshem dej tawm.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm PAC hauv kev tswj dej khib nyiab
- Nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm lub Hoobkas, tus nqi tshem tawm COD tuaj yeem ncav cuag 60% txog 85%.
- Qhov turbidity thiab tag nrho cov khoom seem (TSS) tau zoo dua qub
- Ua kom tus nqi sedimentation nce ntxiv hauv lub clarifier
- Piv nrog rau alum lossis ferrous salts, cov sludge ntau dua
- Nws ruaj khov hauv kev ua tau zoo hauv ntau yam pH (5-9)
- Qhov kev thov rau cov tshuaj kho pH tau raug txo qis
- Kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab kho mob biological
- Cov txiaj ntsig no ua rau PAC yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw tsim khoom qab zib uas nrhiav kev ua raws li txoj cai thiab kev siv nyiaj tsim nyog.
Cov Tshuaj PAC Pom Zoo rau Kev Kho Dej Pov Tseg
Cov tshuaj PAC sib txawv nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab:
Feem ntau, qhov concentration yog 30–150 mg/L. Rau cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj COD ntau, qhov concentration yog 100–200 mg/L.
Thaum siv nrog cov flocculants (xws li PAM), qhov concentration yog 20–50 mg/L.
Kev noj tshuaj kom raug ua kom pom tseeb zoo yam tsis muaj kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau lossis cov nqi tsis tsim nyog.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Ntxiv PAC hauv Kev Kho Dej
Theem Ua Ntej Kho Mob:Qhov no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev ntxiv PAC, qhov twg nws ua rau cov khoom me me tsis ruaj khov thiab txo qhov turbidity.
Ua ntej Flocculation thiab Sedimentation:Thaum lub sijhawm no, kev sib xyaw PAC nrog cov tshuaj flocculant xws li PAM ua rau cov dej coagulation thiab sedimentation zoo tshaj plaws, ua rau cov dej ntshiab thiab kho tau zoo dua.
Kev Siv PAC Ua Ke Nrog Lwm Cov Flocculants
Feem ntau siv ua ke nrog PAM (Polyacrylamide) los txhim kho lub zog floc.
Yog xav tau xim ntau, yuav ntxiv ib yam khoom uas ua rau xim tsis sib xws.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm pH 6.5–7.5; txiv qaub ntsuab siv tau los kho pH.
Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) tau dhau los ua ib qho tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam qab zib niaj hnub no vim nws muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, ruaj khov, thiab hloov pauv tau yooj yim hauv kev ua kom cov kua qab zib thiab kev kho cov dej khib nyiab. Piv nrog cov tshuaj coagulants ib txwm muaj, PAC muaj ntau qhov zoo: ntau yam pH, kev nrawm dua, kev tsim cov sludge tsawg dua, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab cov suab thaj. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm PAC thiab sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv flocculants xws li polyacrylamide (PAM), cov nroj tsuag qab zib tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev siv nyiaj tsawg.
Xav paub ntxiv txog kev lag luam qab zib tuaj yeem pom hauv "Cov Kev daws teeb meem tshuaj rau kev lag luam qab zib". Vam tias qhov no yuav pab tau koj.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-02-2025
