Qhov txawv thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cationic, anionic thiab nonionic PAM?

Polyacrylamide(PAM) yog ib qho polymer uas siv tau ntau yam hauv kev kho dej, ua ntawv, rho roj thiab lwm yam teb. Raws li nws cov yam ntxwv ionic, PAM muab faib ua peb hom tseem ceeb: cationic (Cationic PAM, CPAM), anionic (Anionic PAM, APAM) thiab nonionic (Nonionic PAM, NPAM). Peb hom no muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv.

1. Cationic polyacrylamide (Cationic PAM, CPAM)

Cov qauv thiab cov khoom:

Cationic PAM: Nws yog ib qho linear polymer compound. Vim tias nws muaj ntau yam pawg nquag, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov hydrogen bonds nrog ntau yam khoom thiab feem ntau flocculate negative charged colloids. Haum rau siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej acidic

Daim Ntawv Thov:

- Kev kho dej khib nyiab: CPAM feem ntau siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab organic uas muaj cov nqi tsis zoo, xws li cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog, cov dej khib nyiab ua zaub mov, thiab lwm yam. Cov nqi zoo tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov khoom me me uas raug tshem tawm los ua cov flocs, yog li txhawb kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom khov thiab kua.

- Kev lag luam ntawv: Hauv cov txheej txheem ua ntawv, CPAM tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txhawb nqa thiab tus neeg sawv cev khaws cia kom txhim kho lub zog thiab kev khaws cia ntawm daim ntawv.

- Kev rho roj: Hauv cov teb roj, CPAM yog siv los kho cov av nkos drilling kom txo qhov kev lim thiab ua kom tuab.

2. Anionic polyacrylamide (Anionic PAM, APAM)

Cov qauv thiab cov khoom:

Anionic PAM yog ib hom polymer uas yaj tau hauv dej. Los ntawm kev qhia cov pab pawg anionic no rau ntawm cov polymer backbone, APAM tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tshuaj muaj zog zoo. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib xyaw, kev ua kom cov dej phwj tuaj thiab kev ua kom cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam ntshiab. Haum rau kev siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej alkaline.

Daim Ntawv Thov:

- Kev kho dej: APAM siv dav hauv kev kho dej haus thiab kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom me me uas raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob los yog kev nqus dej, yog li ua kom cov dej ntshiab dua.

- Kev lag luam ntawv: Ua ib qho kev pab khaws cia thiab lim dej, APAM tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm lim dej ntawm cov pulp thiab lub zog ntawm daim ntawv.

- Kev Khawb Av thiab Kev Hnav Khaub Ncaws Ore: Thaum lub sijhawm flotation thiab sedimentation ntawm ore, APAM tuaj yeem txhawb kev sedimentation ntawm cov khoom me me thiab txhim kho qhov rov qab ntawm ore.

- Kev Txhim Kho Av: APAM tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qauv av, txo cov av yaig, thiab siv dav hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev cog qoob loo.

3. Polyacrylamide uas tsis yog ionic (PAM uas tsis yog ionic, NPAM)

Cov Qauv thiab Cov Khoom:

Nonionic PAM yog ib hom polymer lossis polyelectrolyte uas muaj cov noob polar ntau hauv nws cov saw molecular. Nws tuaj yeem nqus cov khoom khov uas dai hauv dej thiab txuas ntawm cov khoom me me kom ua cov floccules loj, ua kom cov khoom me me hauv cov dej dai sai dua, ua kom cov kua meej dua, thiab txhawb kev lim dej. Nws tsis muaj cov pab pawg them thiab feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov pab pawg amide. Cov qauv no ua rau nws muaj kev yaj zoo thiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nruab nrab thiab tsis muaj zog acidic. Nonionic PAM muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov hnyav molecular siab thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm pH tus nqi.

Daim Ntawv Thov:

- Kev Kho Dej: NPAM siv tau los kho cov dej uas tsis muaj turbidity, cov dej ntshiab, xws li dej hauv tsev thiab dej haus. Nws qhov zoo yog tias nws muaj kev hloov pauv zoo rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej zoo thiab pH.

- Kev lag luam textile thiab dyeing: Hauv kev ua cov textile, NPAM yog siv los ua cov khoom tuab thiab stabilizer los txhim kho cov xim nplaum thiab kev sib xws ntawm cov xim.

- Kev lag luam hlau: NPAM yog siv los ua cov roj nplua nyeem thiab cov dej txias hauv kev ua hlau kom txo qhov kev sib txhuam thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.

- Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb thiab Kev Cog Qoob Loo: Ua ib qho tshuaj ua kom av noo, NPAM tuaj yeem txhim kho lub peev xwm khaws dej ntawm cov av thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Cationic, anionic thiab nonionic polyacrylamide muaj cov teb sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab cov teebmeem vim lawv cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv them nqi. Kev nkag siab thiab xaiv cov khoom tsim nyogPAMhom tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab cov teebmeem kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam lag luam.