Yuav Ua Li Cas PolyDADMAC Txhim Kho Kev Kho Ua Ntej Ua Ntej PFAS Tshem Tawm Cov Tshuab

Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb rau PFAS hauv Fabkis thiab European Union

• 12 Lub Ib Hlis 2021
  Cov Lus Qhia (EU) 2020/2184 txog Qhov Zoo ntawm Dej Rau Tib Neeg Haus tau pib siv, qhia PFAS rau hauv EU cov cai tswjfwm dej haus thawj zaug. Cov Lus Qhia tau tsim cov nqi parametric rau ob qho tib si "PFAS Tag Nrho" thiab "Sum of PFAS", yuav tsum tau kom Cov Tswv Cuab koom nrog kev saib xyuas PFAS rau hauv kev tswj dej haus.
• 12 Lub Ib Hlis 2023
  Cov Tebchaws Uas Yog Tswv Cuab Hauv EU, suav nrog Fabkis, yuav tsum tau hloov Txoj Cai (EU) 2020/2184 mus rau hauv txoj cai lij choj hauv tebchaws, pib siv cov kev saib xyuas PFAS tshiab thiab kev ua raws li cov cai.
• 4 Lub Plaub Hlis 2024
  Tsoomfwv Fabkis tau tshaj tawm Txoj Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm Interministerial PFAS (2024–2027), teeb tsa lub tswv yim thoob tebchaws los txhawb kev soj ntsuam PFAS, txo cov pa phem hauv kev lag luam, txhim kho kev saib xyuas dej haus, ua kom nrawm dua kev tshawb fawb, thiab txhim kho kev pom tseeb rau pej xeem.
• 12 Lub Ib Hlis 2026
  Cov nqi PFAS parametric uas tau tsim los ntawm Directive (EU) 2020/2184 siv tau thoob plaws European Union. Cov neeg muab dej yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev txwv uas yuav tsum muaj rau PFAS hauv dej haus, ua rau kev kho ua ntej thiab kev kho kom zoo dua qub tseem ceeb zuj zus.

Txawm hais tias cov thev naus laus zis xws li granular activated carbon (GAC), ion exchange, nanofiltration (NF), thiab reverse osmosis (RO) tau siv dav rau kev txo PFAS, lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov dej nkag. Cov khoom siv ntau ntawm cov khoom seem, cov khoom me me colloidal, turbidity, thiab cov organic matter (NOM) tuaj yeem ua rau cov membrane fouling sai dua, ua rau cov activated carbon loading ntau dua, thiab nce cov nqi khiav lag luam.

Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kev coagulation zoo thiab kev ua kom pom tseeb tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb dua.PolyDADMACyuav tsumtsis suav tias yog tshuaj siv rau kev tshem tawm PFAS ncaj qha. Hloov chaw, nws ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj cationic coagulant uas muaj zog heev uas txhim kho kev kho ua ntej los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav coagulation, txo cov khoom seem, thiab tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua rau cov thev naus laus zis kho PFAS.

PolyDADMAC Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm Coagulation Li Cas

PolyDADMACyog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj zog heevcationic polymersiv dav ua cov tshuaj coagulant tseem ceeb lossis cov tshuaj coagulant pab hauv dej haus thiab kev kho dej hauv kev lag luam. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj inorganic coagulants uas feem ntau vam khom cov ntsev hlau hydrolysis, PolyDADMAC ua haujlwm feem ntau los ntawm kev them nqi neutralization, sai sai destabilizing negatively charged suspended particles thiab colloids los txhawb kev tsim cov flocs loj dua, denser.

Qhov kev tsim cov floc zoo no ua rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom khov thiab cov kua thaum lub sijhawm ua dej thiab lim dej, ua rau muaj qhov turbidity tsawg dua thiab txo cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm hauv cov dej kho. Los ntawm kev tsim cov flocs muaj zog dua thiab me dua, PolyDADMAC kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua kom huv si hauv qab ntau yam dej nyoos, pab cov chaw kho dej kom ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua.

Hauv cov txheej txheem kho dej niaj hnub no, kev ua kom cov dej khov zoo dua li cov kauj ruam ua ntej kho - nws yog lub hauv paus rau cov txheej txheem tom qab. Cov dej huv dua nkag mus rau hauv cov chaw kho dej siab heev tuaj yeem pab txo cov khoom tsis tsim nyog, txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis xws li kev nqus cov pa roj carbon thiab kev lim dej membrane.

Txawm hais tias PolyDADMAC tsis tau tsim los tshem tawm PFAS ncaj qha, nws lub peev xwm los ua kom zoo dua qhov coagulation thiab kev ua kom meej ua rau nws yog ib qho tshuaj pretreatment muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob uas siv cov thev naus laus zis tshem tawm PFAS siab heev. Los ntawm kev txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov dej ua ntej nws mus txog cov txheej txheem downstream no, PolyDADMAC pab txhawb rau kev kho mob zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.

Txo cov khoom seem uas raug tshem tawm ua ntej kev kho mob siab heev

Cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm yog ib qho ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem kho dej siab heev. Cov khoom me me, cov colloids, thiab lwm yam khoom uas tsis yaj tuaj yeem hla dhau qhov kev kho ua ntej tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab rau cov chaw kho dej hauv qab thiab ua rau cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab kev saib xyuas siab dua.

Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev tsim cov floc, PolyDADMAC pab tshem tawm cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm zoo dua thaum lub sijhawm ua kom huv thiab ua rau cov dej ntws. Cov flocs loj dua, ntom dua yuav yooj yim dua, ua rau cov dej ntshiab dua nkag mus rau theem kev kho mob tom ntej.

Txo cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm ua ntej kev kho mob siab dua muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm, suav nrog:

• Kev thauj khoom me me tsawg dua ntawm cov txheej txheem kho dej hauv qab
• Kev ua kom pom tseeb thiab kev lim dej zoo dua
• Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov dua nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej nyoos
• Txo cov kev xav tau txij nkawm rau cov txheej txheem kho tom ntej

Txawm hais tias cov khoom khov uas raug tshem tawm tsis yog PFAS, kev txo lawv qhov muaj nyob thaum lub sijhawm ua ntej kho ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua rau cov thev naus laus zis siab heev xws li cov pa roj carbon ua kom muaj zog thiab kev lim dej membrane. Qhov no tso cai rau cov kab ke no tsom mus rau kev tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv es tsis txhob kov cov khoom me me ntau dhau, pab txhim kho kev kho mob tag nrho thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Txo qhov ua rau daim nyias nyias puas los ntawm kev ua kom pom tseeb dua

Cov thev naus laus zis membrane xws li ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), thiab reverse osmosis (RO) tau siv ntau dua hauv kev kho dej niaj hnub no vim lawv qhov kev sib cais zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim nyias nyias yog nyob ntawm kev kho ua ntej zoo. Cov khoom seem, cov khoom me me, thiab cov khoom siv organic ntuj (NOM) uas tsis raug tshem tawm txaus tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ntawm cov nplaim membrane, ua rau muaj kev qias neeg, txo cov dej nkag mus, thiab ntxuav ntau zaus.

Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev coagulation thiab kev ua kom meej, PolyDADMAC pab txo cov khoom me me uas nkag mus rau hauv cov kab ke membrane. Kev tshem tawm cov khoom me me thiab cov colloids zoo dua los ntawm sab saud pab txhawb rau kev nkag mus rau hauv cov dej huv, ua rau cov membrane ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ruaj khov dua.

Txawm hais tias PolyDADMAC tsis tiv thaiv cov membrane fouling ncaj qha, kev ua kom zoo dua qub tuaj yeem pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov khoom me me fouling, txo qhov zaus ntxuav, thiab txhawb nqa lub voj voog ua haujlwm ntev dua. Ua ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem kho mob sib xyaw ua ke, kev ua kom meej meej zoo pab txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov txheej txheem lim dej membrane.

Cov Ntawv Thov PolyDADMAC hauv Kev Kho Dej Hauv Nroog thiab Kev Lag Luam

PolyDADMAC siv dav hauv kev kho dej hauv nroog thiab kev lag luam vim nws muaj cov cationic charge density siab, kev ua haujlwm coagulation sai, thiab sib xws nrog ntau yam txheej txheem kho. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua cov tshuaj coagulant thawj zaug lossis ua cov tshuaj coagulant pab txhim kho kev ua kom huv si hauv qab cov dej nyoos sib txawv.

Hauv kev kho dej haus hauv nroog, PolyDADMAC feem ntau siv los txo qhov turbidity, cov khoom khov kho, thiab cov khoom me me ua ntej lim thiab tua kab mob. Kev kho ua ntej zoo pab tswj cov dej kom zoo thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem kho dej hauv qab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov dej saum npoo av uas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub caij nyoog tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov dej.

Hauv kev kho dej hauv kev lag luam, PolyDADMAC siv rau ntau yam kev lag luam, suav nrog zaub mov thiab dej haus, pulp thiab ntawv, textile, kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, kev khawb av, thiab kev siv cov dej khib nyiab rov qab. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev sib cais cov khoom khov thiab cov kua dej thiab kev ua kom pom tseeb, nws pab ua kom zoo dua kev kho mob thaum txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag ruaj khov dua.

Cov Kev Xav Tseem Ceeb Thaum Xaiv PolyDADMAC

Thaum soj ntsuam PolyDADMAC rau kev kho dej hauv nroog lossis kev lag luam, xav txog cov hauv qab no:

Kev xaiv qib PolyDADMAC zoo yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam xyuas koj cov dej zoo, cov hom phiaj kho, thiab cov lus qhia ntawm cov khoom kom zoo. Yog tias koj xav tau kev piav qhia ntxiv txog cov qauv xaiv tseem ceeb, mus saib peb tsab xov xwm cuam tshuam:Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv PolyDADMAC Zoo: Phau Ntawv Qhia Xaiv Ua Tau.Nws npog cov yam tseem ceeb xws li qhov hnyav molecular, qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom siv, viscosity, cov ntsiab lus nquag, thiab cov lus pom zoo tshwj xeeb rau kev siv.

Xaus lus

Txawm hais tias PolyDADMAC tsis tau tsim los tshem tawm PFAS ncaj qha, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb los ntawm kev txhim kho kev coagulation thiab kev ua kom pom tseeb, txo cov khoom seem uas raug tshem tawm, thiab tsim kom muaj kev cuam tshuam huv dua rau cov txheej txheem kho dej. Cov txiaj ntsig no tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua kom cov membrane fouling, thiab pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag ruaj khov thiab pheej yig dua.

Thaum Fabkis thiab European Union txuas ntxiv txhawb cov cai PFAS, cov chaw kho dej tau muab qhov tseem ceeb dua rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lawv cov txheej txheem kho. Rau cov chaw muab dej hauv nroog thiab cov chaw lag luam, kev ua kom zoo dua qub ua ntej kho yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom tau raws li cov kev cai zoo ntawm dej. Kev xaiv PolyDADMAC tsim nyog thiab kev ua kom zoo dua nws daim ntawv thov los ntawm kev sim kom zoo tuaj yeem pab ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho thiab txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov txheej txheem kho dej siab heev.